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Genetic carrier
A genetic carrier (or just carrier), is a person or other organism that has inherited a recessive allele for a genetic trait or mutation but does not display that trait or show symptoms of the disease. Carriers are, however, able to pass the allele onto their offspring, who may then express the gene if they inherit the recessive allele from both parents. The chance of two carriers having a child with the disease is 25%. This phenomenon is a direct result of the recessive nature of many genes.
==X-linked genes==
The daughters of Queen Victoria, Princesses Alice and Beatrix, were carriers of the X-linked hemophilia gene (an abnormal allele of a gene, necessary to produce one of the blood clotting factors). Both had children who continued to pass on the gene to succeeding generations of the royal houses of Spain and Russia, into which they married.〔Potts, W.T.W. "Royal Haemophilia." Journal Of Biological Education (Society Of Biology) 30.3 (1996): 207. Academic Search Premier. 16 Sept. 2013〕 Since males only have one X chromosome, males who carried the altered gene had hemophilia. Females have two X chromosomes, so one copy of an X-linked recessive gene would cause them to be an asymptomatic carrier. These females simply passed it to half of their children.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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